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F120. PLYMOUTH RIFLE: This is a Plymouth Rifle produced by Whitney and dated 1864. The rifle is complete with its original rear site, ram-rod, and all factory parts. The metal has an even brown patina and has never been cleaned, and the stock has no issued. The sling swivels are both present, but the front one is frozen. The lock works in both half & full cock, and the plate is dated 1864, and the US and Whitneyville marks are faint; however, I do not see an eagle stamp and am not sure if one was ever there. The tang on the barrel has the serial number 9989, and there is still good rifling in the bore. This rifle was designed with a rifle lug for either a saber bayonet made by Collins or the Dahlgren Bowie bayonet knife, and many of these bayonets had to be fitted to the gun. $1495.00

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F155. CONFEDERATE - BARNETT ENFIELD RIFLE - SINCLAIR, HAMILTON & CO. MARKED : During the Civil War, a large number of 1853 Enfield rifles were supplied to the Confederacy by Barnett; however, they often reached out to other makers to help fill the contract. This Barnett Confederate P53 Enfield rifle is complete, and is marked Sinclair, Hamilton & Co. by the butt-plate tang. It is marked Barnett on the lock plate and has all original parts and still has strong rifling in the barrel. The stock is on great condition and the lock functions well and holds in both half & full cock position. $2800.00

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F178. CONFEDERATE ENFIELD ARTILLERY CARBINE � PATTERN 1853: This is a beauty and rare find! This is the rifle many Confederate Cavalry troops wanted, and is so scarce that many collections are missing it. The P-1853 Artillery Carbine was particularly popular with Confederate General J.E.B. Stuart, the commander of the Army of Northern Virginia�s cavalry corps. An October 7, 1862 message from Stuart states in part: �Application from General Stuart, commanding cavalry, to exchange rifles, for the Enfield carbines (artillery) in the hands of our infantry.�. This not only indicates Stuart�s preference for the short-barreled arm, but also indicates that some of these guns were seeing service in the ranks of Confederate infantry. The fact that it accepted a saber bayonet of the same pattern as the Pattern 1856/58/60 rifles made it a handy weapon for light infantry.

This is a Confederate M1853 Enfield Artillery carbine � and it has just about every Confederate trait you could hope to find. It has the blockade �836� number on the butt plate; the soldiers name and initials carves in the stock; combat damage; matching assembler hash-marks on the barrel, lock, barrel underside, barrel retention screw, and one barrel band. The brass hardware has a beautiful deep unclean patina and the wood has the original finish and never been sanded or altered. There is some wood damages around the tang and the lock plate and it most likely was sustained in combat. On the underside of the barrel is found the maker name BARNETT as well as additional numbers and initials, but more importantly are the Roman numeral hash-marks. The lock is marked HOLLAND London. On the inside of this lock, you can see four (IIII) hash marks, which match the same on the barrel�s under side to the right of the original initials I.J., and also appear on the top barrel band. On the barrel you will also see the marks (\\/II) which match those on the barrel retention screw. The sling swivels look to have been lost during the war and a hole was bored thought the stock to accommodate a lanyard. Upon closer examination, I found assembler hash-marks in the stocks ram-rod channel,which match those on the barrel. Also, I was able to make out the serial number on the bayonet lug 825 or 875.

A respected collector/friend writes: "I think those hash marks are assembly numbers put there during manufacture. They are found on every Enfield I've ever seen. Since the lock matches with all the other hashes.. It was probably made that way .... When the maker ran out of locks and used whatever he could beg, or buy... Such as the CARR locks on LAC/KERR RMs and rifles. To get the case filled and out the door. Business before quality." It is still a rare piece..we figure less than 5000 shipped. And a very low survival rate.

These two-band rifles are scarce and this is made more rare and unique because it is identified to a soldier: Carved on the stock is the last name Goodwyn and the initials WTG. A search of all Confederate records reveals only one match: Private William T. Goodwyn from Tennessee.

A search of censes records for the state of Tennessee shows only one William T Goodwyn from the county of Davidson, and list his age as 21 in 1860, a farmer, and married. He originally enlists as a private on 12/18/1861 when mustered into "C" Co. TN 11th Cavalry Battalion. However, this was a short lived organization, and very little is known of its activities. This explains why only an initial enlistment muster sheet for Goodwyn exists. Shortly thereafter, he surfaces as a private in the �G� Co. TN 50th Infantry Battalion and would remain on this units muster rolls for the remainder of the war.

The 50th Tennessee Regiment, was organized at Fort Donelson December 25, 1861, and formed a portion of the garrison until the surrender of the fort on February 16, 1862, at which place and time, the majority being captured, were sent to Northern prison camps. Goodwyn appears on a Roll of Prisoners of War at Camp Douglas, Illinois, August 1, 1862, and was sent to Vicksburg to be exchanged September 5, 1862.

After being reorganized, the 50th Tennessee Regiment entered the heavy campaigns of Mississippi and East Louisiana and took active part in engagement on Chickasaw Bayou near Vicksburg in the latter part December, 1862. It remained at Port Hudson, Louisiana from January 7 to May 2, 1863, enduring one good shelling in this time. During this period, Goodwyn was still with �G� Company except when listed sick in Hospital at Meridian, Mississippi, May-June 1863. He returns to duty prior to the Battle of Chickamauga. The 50th Tennessee Regiment went into this battle with 190 men, came out with about 50, and Private William T. Goodwyn was wounded on 13 September, 1863. He would remain in the hospital for the remainder of his service, and died September 10, 1864 of Cholera. This is a great carbine which will easily be a center piece in any collection. $8900.00

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F186. WHITNEY ENFIELD RIFLE - MUSKET, SECONDARY CONFEDERATE: Between 1860 and 1863, Whitney produced somewhere between 3,300 and 3,500 of his �Enfield� rifle muskets. Other than having a general appearance similar to the Enfield, the guns were really an amalgamation of parts available to Whitney. The guns had 40� long, .58 caliber barrels that generally resembled that of the US M-1855 and M-1861 series of muskets, with round bolsters with clean out screws. Like most Whitney arms, the gun barrels were batch or serial numbered with an alphanumeric mark on top, behind the rear sight. The muskets either had a long-base Whitney designed rear sight that resembled that of the P-1853 Enfield and early US M-1855s, or had a Whitney �Mid-Range� rear sight that was a single L-shaped leaf with aperture that was mounted in a base similar to the US M-1858 and M-1861 rear sight. The front sight/bayonet lug was of the US pattern, with the outer diameter of the barrel being designed to accept either US M-1855 or British P-1853 pattern socket bayonets. The locks were a uniquely Whitney design. They were flat and were flush mounted in the mortise with a rounded rear, and an odd projection between the bolster and the hammer. The hammers were similar to US M-1855 and M-1861 hammers in profile, but again, distinctly Whitney. The lock was secured by two bolts that passed through brass lock escutcheons with rounded ears, similar to the British Enfield design, but again, slightly different. The trigger guard was more similar to US than British designs, in that it was two piece with the guard bow attached to a separate trigger plate. However, the bow was made of brass and the plate was iron. The brass guard bows were likely overruns from the US M-1841 Mississippi rifle contract, as they are of that exact pattern. The stock had either a Whitney style end cap or a British style brass Enfield cap, apparently based upon availability. Pair of sling swivels was provided; one on the face of the trigger guard bow and one on wide upper barrel band. The two types of ramrods that were provided with the guns were distinctly Whitney designs. Both had steel shanks and brass heads. One style had a cupped, semi-tulip shaped head similar to those on US M-1855 and M-1861 rifle muskets, and the other had a sort of trumpet style brass head, left over from M-1841 rifle production. The stocks were modified P-1853 Enfield stocks, altered to fit the components that Whitney installed in them. While the majority of the guns appear to have been finished bright, at least some (if note more) were apparently blued, as a handful of extant examples retain at least portions of their original, period blued finish. This finish would have been appropriate if Whitney was really trying to pass these second class arms off as real P-1853 Enfield Rifle Muskets.

While the guns were hardly uniform and followed no specifically established military pattern, Whitney managed to sell some 3,300-3,500 of them between 1860 and 1863. His largest customer was the state of Maryland, who ordered 2,000 of the guns immediately after the John Brown raid on the Harpers Ferry Arsenal. Various sources note that the guns were delivered in 1861 and used to arm the Maryland Volunteer Militia. According to Flayderman�s Guide to Antique American Arms, some 370 of those guns were captured by southern sympathizers during the April 19, 1861 riots in Baltimore. In November of 1860 the state of Georgia contracted for 1,700 of the guns, but it is believed that no more than 1,225 were actually delivered. In late 1860, the Clarke County, Mississippi militia (known as the Enterprise Guards) purchased 75 of the Whitney Enfield rifle muskets. The �Enterprise Guards� eventually became the core of Company B of the 14th Mississippi Volunteer Infantry. The US Ordnance Department acquired 100 of the guns on the open market through Schuyler, Hartley & Graham of New York, purchasing them on August 10, 1861. After the outbreak of hostilities, it appears that some smaller amounts of the guns were sold through agents such as William Read & Son and Fitch & Waldo.

The Whitney Enfield Rifle Musket offered here is in about Exceptional overall condition. The gun is a classic Whitney pattern Enfield with a full-length, 40� 6-groove barrel, brass nose cap, brass trigger-guard steel butt-plate, steel tipped Whitney rammer and a long-range Whitney rear sight. The gun is all original, and all steel parts have a plum-brown patina. The entire stock is in amazing condition with, Enfield pattern barrel bands. The barrel is unmarked, other than with the serial number behind the front sight. The bore of the gun is in about VERY GOOD condition. It retains strong rifling, but shows light scattered pitting along its entire length. The lock of the gun is crisply marked in a single line, forward of the hammer: E. WHITNEY, and functions flawlessly on all positions, crisply engaging the half cock and full cock positions, and responds to the trigger, as it should. The gun retains its Whitney pattern, long base, long-range rear sight, as well as the front sight/bayonet lug. Both sling swivels are present on the gun, and the original Whitney ramrod with a steel tulip shaped head is present in the channel under the barrel. The rod is full length and retains good threads at its end. The brass furniture all has a deep, unclean patina that is very attractive.

Many of the known Maryland Whitney Enfield are marked and identified to the Maryland Volunteer Militia. This gun does not have those markings and is believed to have gone to the state of Georgia. Overall this is a really attractive, crisp and untouched example of a rather rare and important Whitney produced Enfield rifle musket. These guns do not appear on the market very often. Whether you are a collector of Whitney long arms, or simply a collector of Civil War era military arms, you will be very happy with this wonderful rifle musket. Whether you are a collector of Whitney long arms, or simply a collector of Civil War era military arms, you will be very happy with this wonderful rifle musket. The good number of these guns saw use in southern hands, so this is a nice opportunity to purchase a secondary Federal musket of the US Civil War that is also a secondary musket of the Confederacy. Currently, there is one available for $4240.00 and it is very nice; however, I have this one listed for less. $3700.00

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F209. SAVAGE NAVY REVOLVER - POSSIBLE CONFEDERATE USAGE: The Savage Navy revolver self-cocking revolver is one of the weirdest, most recognizable and possibly most ungainly handguns of the Civil War era. The .36 caliber, 6-shot revolver had a 7� octagon barrel and a unique action. The gun featured a unique ring shaped cocking lever inside, the heart shaped trigger guard, which was used to advance the cylinder and cock the hammer. The shooter could then fire the gun with the traditional trigger. The gun was the final version of a family of self-cocking revolvers that were built upon the Figure-8 design of JS North. Beyond its unique action, the gun was revolutionary in that it was a �gas seal� revolver. The cylinder moved forward when the action cocked, and a recess in the chamber mouth engaged a tapered forcing cone at the rear of the barrel. The effect was a gas seal between the chamber and the barrel, which practically eliminated the loss of gas and pressure from the usual gap between the barrel and cylinder. This meant that the gas from power charge was more effectively converted into propulsion for the bullet and increased its velocity for a given powder charge, over convectional revolver designs. With the coming of the Civil War, the need for revolvers outweighed any misgivings that the military may have had about the design, and the coveted contracts were almost immediately forthcoming. The state of Massachusetts procured 285 of the Savage revolvers early in the conflict. Additional arms were sold to military outfitters and arms retailers like Schuyler, Hartley & Graham and William Syms & Brothers. Both of these companies sold Savage Navy revolvers to the US government during early 1862, for as much as $25 per gun. The Savage Revolving Firearms Company secured the first US military contract, directly with the US government on October 16, 1861. This contract called for Savage to deliver 5,000 pistols between October 1861 and March 1862 at the price of $20 per revolver. Another contract was received from the government in November of 1861 to supply an additional 5,000 revolvers, at $20 each, between November 1861 and May of 1862. Savage completed their initial contract in a timely fashion, but had trouble delivering the guns from the second contract on the agreed to schedule. The second contract was temporarily voided by the Ordnance Department, but after negotiating with Savage, an agreement was reached where the 4,500 outstanding guns from that contract would be delivered at the lower rate of $19.00 per pistol. The deliveries under the second contract were completed by July of 1862. Of the approximately 20,000 Savage �Navy� models produced during the Civil War the US Ordnance Department took delivery of 11,384 of the guns, and the Navy took delivery of 1,126. The balance of approximately 8,500 guns, were offered for civilian sale, although most those revolvers no doubt ended up seeing action during the war as well. The pistols saw significant field service during the war, and were issued to at least 26 US cavalry regiments and were listed among the arms of some half dozen or more Confederate cavalry regiments. US volunteer cavalry regiments that were issued Savage Navy revolvers included the 6th, 10th & 13th Illinois, the 5th & 15th Kansas, 11th Kentucky, the 3rd, 4th & 7th Missouri, 7th New York 3rd Ohio, 7th Pennsylvania, 1st & 2nd Wisconsin, 1st Vermont and the Potomac Brigade. The revolvers were also issued to the 1st through 9th Missouri State Militia Cavalry. The two regiments who carried the most Savages on their ordnance rolls were the 4th Missouri State Militia Cavalry with 714 and the 2nd Wisconsin with 400. Confederate cavalry units that listed the Savage Navy among their arms were the 11th Texas, 7th Virginia, and the 34th & 35th Virginia Cavalry Battalions.

This is an early martially marked revolver with matching serial number 7849. A cartouche is visible on the left grip. Additionally, there are assembly marks on several parts of the gun, either //// or ****(Dots). Also, the grips are original with serial number 7849 and //// on the inside. These marks may indicate the gun was Confederate captured and arsenal inspected before being place back into service for the South. Overall it is a brown gun, but there is trace original blue and some casecoloring on the ram-rod housing part and other parts.

The top strap of the revolver is clearly marked in three lines:

SAVAGER.F.A. Co. MIDDLETOWN, CT
H.S. NORTH PATENTED JUNE 17 1856
JANUARY 10 1859. MAY 15 1860

The gun is tight and isfully operational, and the cylinder timing is correct. This pistol is mechanically excellent and functions exactly as it should in everyway. $3100.00

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F216. MODEL1817 COMMON RIFLE, PERCUSSION CONVERSION: The M1817 common rifle (also known as Deringer M1817 rifle) was a flintlock muzzle-loaded weapon issued due to the Dept. of Ordnance's order of 1814, produced by Henry Deringer and used from the 1820s to 1840s at the American frontier. Unlike the half-octagon barreled Model 1814 common rifle that preceded it, it had a barrel that was round for most of its length. The 36-inch barrel was rifled for .54 caliber bullets. For rifling it had seven grooves. Like the Model 1814, it had a large oval patch-box in the buttstock; however the buttstock dropped steeper than on the Model 1814. After producing the Model 1814 common rifle through contractors, the military decided to do the same with the Model 1817. The Harper's Ferry Arsenal produced a pattern weapon, which was then taken to gunsmiths to be copied. The rifle was built by Henry Deringer of Philadelphia (13,000 made), Nathan Starr & Co. of Middleton, Conn. (10,200 made), Simeon North of Middleton, Conn. (7,200 made), R. Johnson of Middleton, Conn. (5,000 made), R. & J. D. Johnson of Middleton, Conn. (3,000 made). Over time, the rifles became obsolete, but they still saw service during the Civil War; originally flintlocks, most were converted to percussion cap for their firing mechanism. They saw service in the west, as far as California, where there were still Model 1817s in the Bencia, California arsenal in the 1860s.

This rifle is an example of the percussion conversion with a seven grooved barrel, and the rifling is very strong. The stock is in great condition showing normal dings and wear. The original lock plate is marked US DERINGER PHILADA, has the percussion conversion, and is functional in full cock. The patch-box opens and closes with ease, and both swing swivels are present. These are getting harder to find in such nice condition. $1200.00

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F217. CONFEDERATE ALTERED M1817 COMMON RIFLE, PERCUSSION CONVERSION: The M1817 common rifle (also known as Deringer M1817 rifle) was a flintlock muzzle-loaded weapon issued due to the Dept. of Ordnance's order of 1814, produced by Henry Deringer and used from the 1820s to 1840s at the American frontier. Unlike the half-octagon barreled Model 1814 common rifle that preceded it, it had a barrel that was round for most of its length. The 36-inch barrel was rifled for .54 caliber bullets. For rifling it had seven grooves. Like the Model 1814, it had a large oval patch-box in the buttstock; however the buttstock dropped steeper than on the Model 1814. After producing the Model 1814 common rifle through contractors, the military decided to do the same with the Model 1817. The Harper's Ferry Arsenal produced a pattern weapon, which was then taken to gunsmiths to be copied. The rifle was built by Henry Deringer of Philadelphia (13,000 made), Nathan Starr & Co. of Middleton, Conn. (10,200 made), Simeon North of Middleton, Conn. (7,200 made), R. Johnson of Middleton, Conn. (5,000 made), R. & J. D. Johnson of Middleton, Conn. (3,000 made). Over time, the rifles became obsolete, but they still saw service during the Civil War; originally flintlocks, most were converted to percussion cap for their firing mechanism. They saw service in the west, as far as California, where there were still Model 1817s in the Bencia, California arsenal in the 1860s.

This rifle is an example of the M1817 Common Rifle I suspect was Confederate altered. First, the bore was rifle with eight straight groves with no twist. This was done to improve accuracy with Buck & Ball ammunition, not a standard bullet. When I opened the patch-box cover, I saw four hash marks ////, and I found those same marks on the barrels retention screw. The stock is in average condition showing hard use with normal dings and expected wear for a gun used in combat. The original lock plate is marked US R JOHNSON MIDDLETON, has the percussion conversion, and is functional in both full & haft cock. The patch-box opens and closes with ease, but the rear swing swivels is missing. The straight rifling is worn from heavy use, but can been seen with a good bore light. $1200.00

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F218. CONFEDERATE - BARNETT ENFIELD RIFLE � "BARNETT LONDON" STAMP: During the Civil War, a large number of 1853 Enfield rifles were supplied to the Confederacy by Barnett; however, Barnett was not able to meet the demand and the company had to purchase arms on the open market to fill the Southern contract. When this occurred, Barnett would stamp �BARNETT LONDON� on the wood opposite of the lock. This is one such rifle and it is the exact example illustrated on page 150 of the book: �The English Connection,� which is a great reference book on England�s contribution to the Confederacy. The rifle has a TOWER 1862 lock, shows wear, and has the number 49 stamped on the butt plate. The gun is completely original and all parts to include the ram-rod channel have the same matching maker hash marks. The bore has the faint shadow of rifling, but is almost shoot smooth. Here is a rare Enfield! $2600.00

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F215. M1854 LEFAUCHEUX PIN-FIRE REVOLVER: The Pin-Fire revolver was a new invention at the time of the Civil War, and the Lefaucheux revolver made in France was the version of choice. During the Civil War several states to include Kansas, Colorado, Ohio and Missouri ordered close to 1500, while the United State government purchased just over 24,000. The Confederacy also purchased several, but the exact number and serial number range for the Southern acquired pin-fire revolvers is unknown. This gun is complete with the original unloading rod and cylinder latch; is tight; retains all original screws; lanyard-ring; and original finished grips. The 6 1/4 inch barrel gun is engraved the top and side. It is Lefaucheux maker marked with an early low serial number LF 7727. $1300.00

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